Geologia Sedimentar by Kenitiro Suguio: A Complete Guide to Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks
Livro Geologia Sedimentary Kenitiro Suguio.pdf: A Comprehensive Review
If you are interested in learning more about the processes and products of sedimentation, as well as their applications in various fields of geosciences, you might want to check out this book by Kenitiro Suguio. In this article, we will review the main contents and features of this book, as well as its relevance and importance for students and researchers of sedimentology.
Livro Geologia Sedimentary Kenitiro Suguio.pdf
Introduction
What is the book about?
The book Geologia Sedimentar (Sedimentary Geology) by Kenitiro Suguio is a comprehensive textbook that covers the topics of sedimentology, petrography and petrology of sedimentary rocks, as well as stratigraphy. It was first published in 2003 by Editora Blucher, a Brazilian publisher specialized in scientific books. The book has 416 pages and is divided into 10 chapters, each with several subtopics and illustrations. It also includes a glossary, a bibliography and an index.
Who is the author?
Kenitiro Suguio is a Brazilian geologist who was born in 1938 in São Paulo. He graduated in geology from the University of São Paulo (USP) in 1960 and obtained his PhD in geology from the same institution in 1967. He was a professor at USP from 1961 to 2008, where he taught courses on sedimentology, geomorphology, quaternary geology and coastal geology. He also held positions as director of the Institute of Geosciences, vice-rector and president of the Research Foundation of São Paulo State (FAPESP). He is currently an emeritus professor at USP and a member of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences. He has published more than 300 scientific papers and books on various topics related to sedimentary geology.
Why is the book important?
The book Geologia Sedimentar by Kenitiro Suguio is one of the most comprehensive and updated textbooks on sedimentary geology available in Portuguese. It covers not only the basic concepts and principles of sedimentology, but also the applications and implications of sedimentary processes and products for various fields of geosciences, such as geology, physical geography, oceanography, ecology, geophysics, geochemistry and pedology. It also discusses the importance of sedimentary geology for the rational use of natural resources, such as fossil fuels, metallic and non-metallic minerals and water. The book is written in a clear and didactic style, with numerous examples, figures, tables and exercises. It is suitable for undergraduate and graduate students, as well as researchers and professionals who want to deepen their knowledge on sedimentary geology.
Main Content
Chapter 1: General Introduction
The definition and history of sedimentology
In this chapter, the author defines sedimentology as the science that studies the sediments and sedimentary rocks, their origin, composition, structure, distribution, classification and evolution. He also traces the historical development of sedimentology from ancient times to modern days, highlighting the contributions of some pioneers such as Leonardo da Vinci, James Hutton, Charles Lyell, William Smith and Johannes Walther.
The scope and principles of sedimentology
The author then explains the scope and objectives of sedimentology, which include understanding the mechanisms and factors that control the formation, transport and deposition of sediments; identifying and interpreting the environments and facies where sediments are deposited; reconstructing the history and evolution of sedimentary basins; correlating stratigraphic units; evaluating the economic potential of sedimentary deposits; among others. He also introduces some basic principles that guide the study of sediments and sedimentary rocks, such as uniformitarianism, actualism, superposition, original horizontality, lateral continuity and cross-cutting relationships.
The relation of sedimentology with other fields of geosciences
The author then discusses how sedimentology interacts with other disciplines within geosciences, such as physical geography (geomorphology), quaternary geology (geoarchaeology), paleontology (biostratigraphy), mineralogy (mineral chemistry), geology of mineral deposits (ore genesis), applied geology (geotechnics), geochemistry (isotope geochemistry) and geophysics (seismic stratigraphy). He illustrates how these disciplines can provide complementary data and methods to understand different aspects of sediments and sedimentary rocks.
Chapter 2: Weathering and Origin of Sediments
The types and effects of weathering
In this chapter, the author describes the processes and products of weathering, which is the alteration of rocks and minerals by physical, chemical and biological agents at or near the Earth's surface. He distinguishes between three types of weathering: physical, chemical and biological, and explains how they affect the size, shape, texture, composition and color of sediments. He also gives examples of different forms of weathering, such as frost wedging, salt crystallization, thermal expansion, hydration, oxidation, hydrolysis, carbonation, dissolution, organic acids, root action, burrowing animals, etc.
The weathering mantle and its deposits
The author then introduces the concept of weathering mantle, which is the layer of material that results from weathering of bedrock. He distinguishes between two types of weathering mantle: eluvial (or eluvium), which is formed by in situ weathering; and colluvial (or colluvium), which is formed by gravity-driven transport. He describes the characteristics and classification of eluvial and colluvial deposits, as well as their significance for geomorphology, pedology, hydrology and mineral exploration.
The influence of climate on weathering
The author then discusses how climate affects the type and intensity of weathering in different regions of the world. He explains how temperature and precipitation control the rate and degree of physical and chemical weathering; how vegetation and soil organisms modulate the production and consumption of organic acids; how atmospheric gases and aerosols influence the acidity and oxidation state of rainwater; how wind erosion and dust deposition alter the composition and texture of sediments. He also presents some examples of climatic zones with distinct weathering regimes; such as tropical humid (lateritic), tropical semi-arid (calcrete), temperate humid (podzolic), temperate semi-arid (gypsic) , cold humid (glacial) , cold arid (periglacial) , etc.
The role of weathering in the sedimentary cycle and paleoped by different processes of diagenesis and lithification. He gives examples of how clay sediments become shale or mudstone; how sand sediments become sandstone or quartzite; how carbonate sediments become limestone or dolomite; how organic sediments become coal or oil shale; and how evaporite sediments become rock salt or gypsum.
Chapter 5: The Properties of Sediments
The physical properties of sediments
In this chapter, the author discusses the physical properties of sediments and how they can be measured and analyzed. He focuses on the following properties: grain size, grain shape, surface texture, particle orientation, porosity, permeability, color and bulk density. He explains how these properties reflect the origin, transport and deposition of sediments, as well as their diagenetic history. He also introduces some methods and instruments for measuring these properties, such as sieves, pipettes, hydrometers, microscopes, stereoscopes, image analyzers, porosimeters, permeameters and color charts.
The mineralogical properties of sediments
The author then discusses the mineralogical properties of sediments and how they can be identified and quantified. He explains how the mineral composition of sediments depends on the source rock, weathering processes, transport mechanisms and depositional environments. He also explains how the mineralogy of sediments changes during diagenesis due to authigenesis, cementation, recrystallization and metasomatism. He introduces some methods and techniques for determining the mineralogy of sediments, such as optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive spectroscopy and mass spectrometry.
Conclusion
In conclusion, the book Geologia Sedimentar by Kenitiro Suguio is a comprehensive and updated textbook that covers the main topics of sedimentary geology in a clear and didactic way. It provides a global and modern vision of sedimentology that integrates the contents of related disciplines such as petrography, petrology and stratigraphy. It also emphasizes the importance of sedimentary geology for the rational use of natural resources and the reconstruction of past environments and climates. The book is suitable for students and researchers who want to learn more about the processes and products of sedimentation and their applications in various fields of geosciences.
FAQs
Q: Who is the target audience of this book?
A: The book is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students of geology, earth sciences, geography and engineering who want to learn more about sedimentary geology. It is also useful for researchers and professionals who work with sedimentary rocks and deposits.
Q: What are the main features of this book?
A: The book has 416 pages and is divided into 10 chapters that cover the topics of sedimentology, petrography, petrology and stratigraphy. It has numerous examples, figures, tables and exercises that illustrate the concepts and principles of sedimentary geology. It also has a glossary, a bibliography and an index.
Q: What are the main benefits of reading this book?
A: The book provides a comprehensive and updated knowledge on sedimentary geology that can help readers to understand the origin, composition, structure, distribution and evolution of sediments and sedimentary rocks. It also shows how sedimentary geology can be applied to various fields of geosciences such as geology, geomorphology, paleontology, geochemistry and geophysics. It also helps readers to appreciate the beauty and diversity of sedimentary rocks and their significance for the Earth's history and evolution.
Q: Where can I buy this book?
A: The book can be purchased online from the publisher's website (https://www.blucher.com.br/livro/geologia-sedimentar) or from other online bookstores such as Amazon or Google Books. The book is available in paperback and e-book formats.